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Term 2023:
1. Matter, elements, compounds, definition, classification and transformation;
2. Chemical compounds, structural, electronic and resonance formulas; classification and nomenclature; fundamental chemical rights, the concept of mole, mass and molar volume, unit, atomic mass; SI units;
3. Chemical reactions; classification of inorganic reactions: ionic, redox, radical, photochemical, spontaneous and forced reactions, e.t.c.;
4. Kinetics of chemical reactions; kinetic equations of the 1st and 2nd order: basic kinetic theories: collision theory, active complex theory; activation energy; Arrhenius equation, action of catalysts, enzymes;
5. Chemical equilibria. Chemical equilibrium constant, chemical equilibrium constant in homo- and heterogeneous systems; the rule of defiance.
6. Structure of the atom:
a) The nuclear structure of an atom; elementary particles, atomic nucleus - nucleon binding energy in the nucleus, mass defect, atomic nucleus models, nucleus stability, isotopes, isobars, isotons; natural and artificial radioactivity, kinetics of radioactive decay, radioactive series, artificial radioactive transformations, fission reactions:
b) non-nuclear zone of the atom: development of views on the structure of the atom, the Bohr model of the atom (radius of the electron orbit in a hydrogen atom, electron energy, spectral series of the hydrogen atom), de Broglie's equation and Heisenberg's uncertainty principle; Schrödinger equation; atomic orbitals and quantum numbers; Paulie's prohibition and Hund's rule; electronic structure of an atom multi-electron; atomic terms.
7. Periodic table of the elements: development of the periodic table; synthesis of new elements; classification of elements by their electronic structure; electron configuration of elements (up to Z = 92); periodicity of some properties of elements (ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, dimensions of atoms and ions, oxidation states, acid-base properties of elements).
8. General characteristics of the s, p, d and f elements block ; isotopic composition of elements, metallic, non-metallic, radioactive, toxic elements, etc.
9. Classification and characterization of chemical bonds; ionic, atomic, atomic polarized and metallic bonds; molecular orbitals and their formation, sigma and pi bonds, localized and delocalized bonds, hybridization of atomic orbitals, diagrams of simple homo- and heteronuclear molecules; basic theories of molecule structure: valence bond method and molecular orbitals method;
10. energy of molecules; interaction of electric and magnetic fields with particles, polarization of molecules, dipole electric and magnetic moment of molecules.
10. Coordination chemistry: coordination numbers, types of ligands, complex nomenclature |
Term 2024:
1. Matter, elements, compounds, definition, classification and transformation;
2. Chemical compounds, structural, electronic and resonance formulas; classification and nomenclature; fundamental chemical rights, the concept of mole, mass and molar volume, unit, atomic mass; SI units;
3. Chemical reactions; classification of inorganic reactions: ionic, redox, radical, photochemical, spontaneous and forced reactions, e.t.c.;
4. Kinetics of chemical reactions; kinetic equations of the 1st and 2nd order: basic kinetic theories: collision theory, active complex theory; activation energy; Arrhenius equation, action of catalysts, enzymes;
5. Chemical equilibria. Chemical equilibrium constant, chemical equilibrium constant in homo- and heterogeneous systems; the rule of defiance.
6. Structure of the atom:
a) The nuclear structure of an atom; elementary particles, atomic nucleus - nucleon binding energy in the nucleus, mass defect, atomic nucleus models, nucleus stability, isotopes, isobars, isotons; natural and artificial radioactivity, kinetics of radioactive decay, radioactive series, artificial radioactive transformations, fission reactions:
b) non-nuclear zone of the atom: development of views on the structure of the atom, the Bohr model of the atom (radius of the electron orbit in a hydrogen atom, electron energy, spectral series of the hydrogen atom), de Broglie's equation and Heisenberg's uncertainty principle; Schrödinger equation; atomic orbitals and quantum numbers; Paulie's prohibition and Hund's rule; electronic structure of an atom multi-electron; atomic terms.
7. Periodic table of the elements: development of the periodic table; synthesis of new elements; classification of elements by their electronic structure; electron configuration of elements (up to Z = 92); periodicity of some properties of elements (ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, dimensions of atoms and ions, oxidation states, acid-base properties of elements).
8. General characteristics of the s, p, d and f elements block ; isotopic composition of elements, metallic, non-metallic, radioactive, toxic elements, etc.
9. Classification and characterization of chemical bonds; ionic, atomic, atomic polarized and metallic bonds; molecular orbitals and their formation, sigma and pi bonds, localized and delocalized bonds, hybridization of atomic orbitals, diagrams of simple homo- and heteronuclear molecules; basic theories of molecule structure: valence bond method and molecular orbitals method;
10. energy of molecules; interaction of electric and magnetic fields with particles, polarization of molecules, dipole electric and magnetic moment of molecules.
10. Coordination chemistry: coordination numbers, types of ligands, complex nomenclature |