(in Polish) Genetics 320-ERS-1GENL

Substantive content:
1. Basic terms: gene, allele, trait, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, recessive, parental generation, filial generations, pure line, qualitative and quantitative inheritance.
2. The structure and behavior of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. Gametogenesis.
3. Basic laws of inheritance (Mendel laws), allelic and nonallelic genes.
4. Complete and incomplete dominance, codominance, over dominance, test crosses.
5. Probability and genetics.
6. Lethal genes, multiple alleles.
7. Interaction between nonallelic genes (complementary, modifier, and duplicate gene interactions).
8. Inheritance of linked genes. Linkage types and mapping of genes. Genetic variation.
9. Sex inheritance and sex linkage. Lyon hypothesis. Sex chromosomes and sex reversal.
10. Quantitative traits and mechanisms of their inheritance.
11. DNA structure and the flow of genetic information in the cell. The genetic code. Molecular basis of point mutations. Types of point mutations and their effects on proteins. Metabolic blocks and diseases.
12. Chromosomal mutations, types, and examples. The mutations on chromosome number and structure. Human aneuploidy. Polyploidy in the evolution of cultivated plants.
13. Allelic and non-allelic mutation analysis in crosses of Drosophila melanogaster mutants.
14. Population genetics.